spring-ai-alibaba

📁 teachingai/agent-skills 📅 Jan 26, 2026
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3
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全站排名
安装命令
npx skills add https://github.com/teachingai/agent-skills --skill spring-ai-alibaba

Agent 安装分布

claude-code 3
opencode 2
antigravity 2
codex 2
windsurf 2
gemini-cli 2

Skill 文档

Spring AI Alibaba 开发指南

概述

Spring AI Alibaba 提供了与阿里云 DashScope(通义千问)的集成,支持使用阿里云的大语言模型服务。

核心功能

1. 项目创建

依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-model-aliyun-dashscope</artifactId>
</dependency>

或使用 Gradle:

dependencies {
    implementation 'com.alibaba.cloud.ai:spring-ai-starter-model-aliyun-dashscope'
}

2. 配置

application.yml:

spring:
  ai:
    alibaba:
      dashscope:
        api-key: ${DASHSCOPE_API_KEY}
        chat:
          options:
            model: qwen-turbo
            temperature: 0.7
            max-tokens: 2000

application.properties:

spring.ai.alibaba.dashscope.api-key=${DASHSCOPE_API_KEY}
spring.ai.alibaba.dashscope.chat.options.model=qwen-turbo
spring.ai.alibaba.dashscope.chat.options.temperature=0.7
spring.ai.alibaba.dashscope.chat.options.max-tokens=2000

3. Chat Client

使用 ChatClient:

@Service
public class ChatService {
    private final ChatClient chatClient;
    
    public ChatService(ChatClient chatClient) {
        this.chatClient = chatClient;
    }
    
    public String chat(String message) {
        return chatClient.call(message);
    }
    
    public String chatWithPrompt(String userMessage) {
        Prompt prompt = new Prompt(new UserMessage(userMessage));
        ChatResponse response = chatClient.call(prompt);
        return response.getResult().getOutput().getContent();
    }
}

流式响应:

@Service
public class ChatService {
    private final StreamingChatClient streamingChatClient;
    
    public ChatService(StreamingChatClient streamingChatClient) {
        this.streamingChatClient = streamingChatClient;
    }
    
    public Flux<String> streamChat(String message) {
        return streamingChatClient.stream(message)
            .map(response -> response.getResult().getOutput().getContent());
    }
}

4. 模型选择

支持的模型:

  • qwen-turbo – 通义千问 Turbo 模型(快速响应)
  • qwen-plus – 通义千问 Plus 模型(平衡性能)
  • qwen-max – 通义千问 Max 模型(最强性能)

配置不同模型:

spring:
  ai:
    alibaba:
      dashscope:
        chat:
          options:
            model: qwen-max  # 使用最强模型
            temperature: 0.7
            max-tokens: 2000

5. Prompt Template

定义模板:

@Service
public class PromptService {
    private final PromptTemplate promptTemplate;
    
    public PromptService() {
        this.promptTemplate = new PromptTemplate(
            "请用{style}风格回答以下问题:{question}"
        );
    }
    
    public String generatePrompt(String style, String question) {
        Map<String, Object> variables = Map.of(
            "style", style,
            "question", question
        );
        return promptTemplate.render(variables);
    }
}

使用 ChatClient:

@Service
public class ChatService {
    private final ChatClient chatClient;
    private final PromptTemplate promptTemplate;
    
    public ChatService(ChatClient chatClient) {
        this.chatClient = chatClient;
        this.promptTemplate = new PromptTemplate(
            "请用{style}风格回答以下问题:{question}"
        );
    }
    
    public String chatWithStyle(String style, String question) {
        Prompt prompt = promptTemplate.create(Map.of(
            "style", style,
            "question", question
        ));
        ChatResponse response = chatClient.call(prompt);
        return response.getResult().getOutput().getContent();
    }
}

6. Embedding

配置:

spring:
  ai:
    alibaba:
      dashscope:
        embedding:
          options:
            model: text-embedding-v1

使用 EmbeddingClient:

@Service
public class EmbeddingService {
    private final EmbeddingClient embeddingClient;
    
    public EmbeddingService(EmbeddingClient embeddingClient) {
        this.embeddingClient = embeddingClient;
    }
    
    public List<Double> embed(String text) {
        EmbeddingResponse response = embeddingClient.embedForResponse(
            List.of(text)
        );
        return response.getResult().getOutput();
    }
    
    public List<List<Double>> embedBatch(List<String> texts) {
        EmbeddingResponse response = embeddingClient.embedForResponse(texts);
        return response.getResult().getOutput();
    }
}

7. 多轮对话

维护对话上下文:

@Service
public class ConversationService {
    private final ChatClient chatClient;
    private final List<Message> conversationHistory = new ArrayList<>();
    
    public ConversationService(ChatClient chatClient) {
        this.chatClient = chatClient;
    }
    
    public String chat(String userMessage) {
        conversationHistory.add(new UserMessage(userMessage));
        
        Prompt prompt = new Prompt(conversationHistory);
        ChatResponse response = chatClient.call(prompt);
        String assistantMessage = response.getResult().getOutput().getContent();
        
        conversationHistory.add(new AssistantMessage(assistantMessage));
        return assistantMessage;
    }
    
    public void clearHistory() {
        conversationHistory.clear();
    }
}

最佳实践

1. 配置管理

  • 使用环境变量存储 API Key
  • 区分开发和生产环境配置
  • 配置合理的超时和重试策略

2. 错误处理

@Service
public class ChatService {
    private final ChatClient chatClient;
    
    public String chat(String message) {
        try {
            return chatClient.call(message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理错误
            log.error("Chat error", e);
            return "抱歉,处理请求时出现错误";
        }
    }
}

3. 性能优化

  • 根据场景选择合适的模型(turbo/plus/max)
  • 使用流式响应提升用户体验
  • 合理使用缓存减少 API 调用

4. 成本控制

  • 选择合适的模型(qwen-turbo 成本更低)
  • 限制 Token 使用量
  • 监控 API 调用情况

5. 中文优化

通义千问对中文支持较好,可以:

  • 使用中文 Prompt 模板
  • 优化中文提示词
  • 利用多轮对话能力

常用依赖

<!-- Spring AI Alibaba DashScope -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-model-aliyun-dashscope</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Spring Boot Web (可选,用于 REST API) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置示例

完整配置:

spring:
  ai:
    alibaba:
      dashscope:
        api-key: ${DASHSCOPE_API_KEY}
        chat:
          options:
            model: qwen-turbo
            temperature: 0.7
            max-tokens: 2000
            top-p: 0.9
        embedding:
          options:
            model: text-embedding-v1

示例 Prompt

  • “如何使用 Spring AI Alibaba 集成通义千问?”
  • “Spring AI Alibaba 中如何配置不同的模型?”
  • “如何在 Spring AI Alibaba 中实现流式响应?”
  • “Spring AI Alibaba 中如何实现多轮对话?”
  • “如何优化 Spring AI Alibaba 的中文处理能力?”