design-hig-principles

<essential_principles>

The Three Perspectives

Every HIG audit applies these complementary lenses:

1. Clarity Perspective — “Does the interface communicate clearly?”

• Content is paramount, UI defers to it
• Every element has a purpose
• Users know what they can do without instructions
• Information hierarchy is obvious

2. Consistency Perspective — “Does this feel like an Apple platform app?”

• Standard UI elements and familiar patterns
• Navigation follows platform conventions
• Gestures work as expected
• Components appear in expected locations

3. Deference Perspective — “Does the UI stay out of the way?”

• Subtle backgrounds, restrained branding
• Content is the hero
• Controls recede when not needed
• No visual competition with content

Golden Rule: “Deference makes an app beautiful by ensuring the content stands out while the surrounding visual elements do not compete with it.” — Apple HIG </essential_principles>

Before evaluating any UI, gather project intelligence:

1. Check project type — What kind of app is this?

   • Productivity tool → Emphasize Clarity + Consistency
   • Media/content app → Emphasize Deference
   • Creative tool → Balance all three
   • Utility → Emphasize Clarity

2. Scan for common patterns

   Search for:
   - Hardcoded colors (.white, .black, Color(red:...))
   - Fixed font sizes (.system(size: 17))
   - Missing accessibility labels
   - Custom touch targets under 44pt
   - Animations without Reduce Motion checks
   

3. Identify platform targets — iOS, iPadOS, macOS, watchOS, visionOS?

4. Perform HIG Gap Analysis Search for these anti-patterns:

   • Color(red: or Color(hex: without asset catalog fallback
   • .font(.system(size: without relativeTo:
   • Button or Image without .accessibilityLabel
   • .frame(width: or .frame(height: under 44 for interactive elements
   • withAnimation without @Environment(\.accessibilityReduceMotion)

After reconnaissance, present findings and ask user to confirm context weighting before full audit.

Step 2: Full Audit

Read the audit checklist, then read perspective-specific references based on project type:

Always include: accessibility.md review (mandatory for every audit)

Step 3: Output Format

Present findings with this structure:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  HIG AUDIT SUMMARY                      │
│  Project: [name] | Platform: [target]   │
│  Critical: X | Important: Y | Minor: Z  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

## Overall Assessment
[2-3 sentence summary of HIG compliance]

## Clarity Perspective
### Working Well
- [items that support clear communication]

### Issues Found
- [specific violations with file:line references]

### Perspective Summary
[How well does the UI communicate its purpose?]

---

## Consistency Perspective
### Working Well
- [items following platform conventions]

### Issues Found
- [specific violations with file:line references]

### Perspective Summary
[How well does this feel like a native app?]

---

## Deference Perspective
### Working Well
- [items that let content shine]

### Issues Found
- [specific violations with file:line references]

### Perspective Summary
[How well does the UI stay out of the way?]

---

## Combined Recommendations

| Priority | Issue | Fix | Effort |
|----------|-------|-----|--------|
| Critical | [issue] | [solution] | [Low/Med/High] |
| Important | [issue] | [solution] | [Low/Med/High] |
| Minor | [issue] | [solution] | [Low/Med/High] |

## Quick Reference
- Clarity: [focused on X]
- Consistency: [focused on Y]
- Deference: [focused on Z]

<severity_levels>

Issue Classification

Critical (Must Fix)

• Accessibility violations (contrast, touch targets, missing labels)
• Platform convention breaks (non-standard navigation, gestures)
• Dynamic Type not supported
• Reduce Motion not respected

Important (Should Fix)

• Hardcoded colors without dark mode variants
• Fixed font sizes
• Inconsistent spacing/alignment
• Missing semantic colors

Context-Dependent

• Branding placement
• Custom animations
• Non-standard controls (may be intentional)

Nice to Have

• Optical alignment refinements
• Material thickness optimization
• Platform-specific polish </severity_levels>

<reference_library>

Comprehensive Reference Library

This skill has 21 detailed reference documents covering every aspect of Apple HIG:

Core References (Always Read)

• references/audit-checklist.md — Systematic evaluation criteria for all domains
• references/philosophy.md — The “why” behind Clarity, Consistency, Deference
• references/accessibility.md — Vision, mobility, cognitive, hearing accessibility (MANDATORY)
• references/common-mistakes.md — Anti-patterns with fixes

Visual Design

• references/colors.md — Semantic color system, dark mode, contrast requirements
• references/typography.md — Text styles, Dynamic Type, font weight guidelines
• references/sf-symbols.md — Symbol usage, weights, rendering modes, accessibility
• references/materials-depth.md — Blur, vibrancy, materials, visual layers
• references/dark-mode.md — Dark mode design, elevation, color adaptation

Layout & Structure

• references/layout-spacing.md — 8pt grid, safe areas, adaptive layout, margins
• references/lists-collections.md — List styles, grids, lazy loading, interactions
• references/navigation-architecture.md — Navigation patterns, deep linking, state restoration

Interaction

• references/controls-inputs.md — All system controls, forms, pickers, inputs
• references/gestures-touch.md — Gesture design, touch targets, hit testing
• references/modals-sheets.md — Sheets, alerts, popovers, confirmation dialogs
• references/motion-animation.md — Timing, springs, choreography, Reduce Motion
• references/haptics-feedback.md — UIFeedbackGenerator, sensory feedback patterns
• references/feedback-status.md — Progress, loading, success/error states

Platform & Polish

• references/platform-specific.md — iOS, iPadOS, macOS, watchOS, tvOS, visionOS
• references/branding.md — Appropriate branding, launch screens, app icons
• references/onboarding-ftue.md — First-run experience, permissions, feature discovery
• references/localization-rtl.md — Internationalization, RTL support, formatting
• references/privacy-ux.md — Permission requests, Privacy Manifest, data handling </reference_library>

<required_reading>

Required Reading by Audit Type

Full HIG Audit

1. references/audit-checklist.md — Start here
2. references/philosophy.md — Understand the three perspectives
3. references/accessibility.md — ALWAYS required
4. references/common-mistakes.md — Know what to look for
5. Platform-specific reference(s) based on target

Quick Color/Typography Audit

1. references/colors.md
2. references/typography.md
3. references/dark-mode.md

Accessibility Audit

1. references/accessibility.md
2. references/gestures-touch.md (touch targets)
3. references/motion-animation.md (Reduce Motion)

Navigation/Flow Audit

1. references/navigation-architecture.md
2. references/modals-sheets.md
3. references/platform-specific.md

Interaction Audit

1. references/controls-inputs.md
2. references/gestures-touch.md
3. references/haptics-feedback.md
4. references/feedback-status.md

Pre-Release Audit

Read all core references plus:

• references/privacy-ux.md
• references/localization-rtl.md
• references/branding.md </required_reading>

<context_mapping>

Project Type → Perspective Priority

<success_criteria> A complete HIG audit:

• Identifies project type and platform targets
• Applies all three perspectives appropriately weighted
• Provides specific file:line references for issues
• Includes working code examples for fixes
• Classifies issues by severity
• Always checks accessibility compliance
• Gives actionable, prioritized recommendations </success_criteria>