Results Analysis for ML/AI Research

A systematic experimental results analysis workflow connecting experimental data to paper writing.

Core Features

This skill provides three core capabilities:

1. Experimental Data Analysis – Read and analyze experimental data in various formats
2. Statistical Validation – Perform statistical significance tests and performance comparisons
3. Paper Content Generation – Generate text and visualizations for the Results section

When to Use

Use this skill when you need to:

• Analyze experimental results (CSV, JSON, TensorBoard logs)
• Generate the Results section of a paper
• Compare performance across multiple models
• Perform statistical significance tests
• Create publication-quality visualizations
• Validate the reliability of experimental results

Workflow

Standard Analysis Pipeline

Data Loading → Data Validation → Statistical Analysis → Visualization → Writing → Quality Check

Step 1: Data Loading and Validation

Supported Data Formats:

• CSV files – Tabular data
• JSON files – Structured results
• TensorBoard logs – Training curves
• Python pickle – Complex objects

Data Validation Checks:

• Completeness check – Missing values, outliers
• Consistency check – Data format, units
• Reproducibility check – Random seeds, version info

Select appropriate tools for data loading and preliminary validation based on data format.

Step 2: Statistical Analysis

Basic Statistics:

• Mean
• Standard Deviation
• Standard Error
• Confidence Interval

Significance Tests:

• t-test – Two-group comparison
• ANOVA – Multi-group comparison
• Wilcoxon test – Non-parametric test
• Bonferroni correction – Multiple comparison correction

Select appropriate statistical tests based on data characteristics.

Key Principles:

• Report complete statistical information (mean ± std/SE)
• Specify the test method and significance level used
• Report p-values and effect sizes
• Consider multiple comparison issues

See references/statistical-methods.md for the complete statistical methods guide.

Step 3: Model Performance Comparison

Comparison Dimensions:

• Accuracy/Performance metrics
• Training time/Inference speed
• Model complexity/Parameter count
• Robustness/Generalization ability

Comparison Methods:

• Baseline comparison – Compare with existing methods
• Ablation study – Validate component contributions
• Cross-dataset validation – Test generalization

Systematically compare performance across different methods, ensuring fair comparison.

Step 4: Visualization

Publication-Quality Visualization Requirements:

• Vector format (PDF/EPS)
• Colorblind-friendly palette
• Clear labels and legends
• Appropriate error bars
• Readable in black-and-white print

Common Chart Types:

• Line chart – Training curves, trend analysis
• Bar chart – Performance comparison
• Box plot – Distribution display
• Heatmap – Correlation analysis
• Scatter plot – Relationship display

Use appropriate visualization tools to generate publication-quality figures.

See references/visualization-best-practices.md for the visualization guide.

Step 5: Writing the Results Section

Results Section Structure:

## Results

### Overview of Main Findings
[1-2 paragraphs summarizing core results]

### Experimental Setup
[Brief description of experimental configuration; details in appendix]

### Performance Comparison
[Comparison with baseline methods, including tables and figures]

### Ablation Study
[Validate contributions of each component]

### Statistical Significance
[Report statistical test results]

### Qualitative Analysis
[Case studies, visualization examples]

Writing Principles:

• Clearly state the hypothesis each experiment validates
• Guide readers to observe key phenomena: “Figure X shows…”
• Report complete statistical information
• Honestly report limitations

See references/results-writing-guide.md for the complete writing guide.

Step 6: Quality Check

Checklist:

• All values include error bars/confidence intervals
• Statistical test methods are specified
• Figures are clear and readable (including black-and-white print)
• Hyperparameter search ranges are reported
• Computational resources are specified (GPU type, time)
• Random seed settings are specified
• Results are reproducible (code/data available)

Common Mistakes and Pitfalls

Statistical Errors

❌ Wrong approach:

• Reporting only the best results (cherry-picking)
• Confusing standard deviation and standard error
• Not reporting statistical significance
• Not correcting for multiple comparisons

✅ Correct approach:

• Report all experimental results
• Clearly specify whether standard deviation or standard error is used
• Perform appropriate statistical tests
• Use Bonferroni or similar correction methods

Visualization Errors

❌ Wrong approach:

• Using non-colorblind-friendly palettes
• Y-axis not starting from 0 (exaggerating differences)
• Missing error bars
• Overly complex figures

✅ Correct approach:

• Use Okabe-Ito or Paul Tol palettes
• Set reasonable axis ranges
• Include error bars and confidence intervals
• Keep figures clean and clear

Writing Errors

❌ Wrong approach:

• Over-interpreting results
• Not describing experimental setup
• Hiding negative results
• Missing statistical information

✅ Correct approach:

• Objectively describe observed phenomena
• Provide sufficient experimental details
• Honestly report all results
• Report complete statistical information

See references/common-pitfalls.md for the complete error patterns and fixes.

Integration with Paper Writing

Collaboration with ml-paper-writing Skill

This skill focuses on experimental results analysis and works in tandem with the ml-paper-writing skill:

results-analysis handles:

• Data analysis and statistical tests
• Visualization generation
• Results interpretation

ml-paper-writing handles:

• Complete paper structure
• Citation management
• Conference format requirements

Workflow Integration:

Experiments complete → results-analysis analyzes
    ↓
Generate analysis report and visualizations
    ↓
ml-paper-writing integrates into paper
    ↓
Complete Results section

Output Format

After analysis, the following are generated:

1. Analysis Report (analysis-report.md)

   • Statistical summary
   • Key findings
   • Suggested figures

2. Visualization Files (figures/)

   • PDF format figures
   • Standalone figure captions

3. Results Draft (results-draft.md)

   • Text ready for direct use in the paper
   • Includes figure references

Examples and Templates

Example Files

Refer to the examples/ directory for complete examples:

• example-analysis-report.md – Complete analysis report example
• example-results-section.md – Paper Results section example

Workflow Overview

The complete analysis pipeline includes:

1. Data Loading – Read results from experiment output files
2. Statistical Analysis – Compute basic statistics and perform significance tests
3. Visualization – Create publication-quality figures
4. Report Generation – Integrate analysis results and visualizations

See the guides in the references/ directory for detailed methods and best practices.

Reference Resources

Detailed Guides

• references/statistical-methods.md – Complete statistical methods guide
• references/results-writing-guide.md – Results section writing standards
• references/visualization-best-practices.md – Visualization best practices
• references/common-pitfalls.md – Common errors and fixes

External Resources

• Nature Statistics Checklist
• Science Reproducibility Guidelines
• NeurIPS Paper Checklist

Best Practices Summary

Data Analysis

✅ Recommended:

• Run experiments multiple times (at least 3-5 runs)
• Report complete statistical information
• Use appropriate statistical tests
• Check data completeness

❌ Prohibited:

• Cherry-picking best results
• Ignoring statistical significance
• Hiding negative results
• Not reporting experimental setup

Visualization

✅ Recommended:

• Use vector format
• Colorblind-friendly palettes
• Include error bars
• Clear labels

❌ Prohibited:

• Raster formats (PNG/JPG)
• Misleading axis scales
• Overly complex figures
• Missing legends

Writing

✅ Recommended:

• Objectively describe results
• Provide sufficient detail
• Honestly report limitations
• Guide reader attention

❌ Prohibited:

• Over-interpretation
• Hiding details
• Exaggerating effects
• Vague descriptions

Summary

This skill provides a systematic experimental results analysis workflow:

1. Data Loading and Validation – Ensure data quality
2. Statistical Analysis – Perform appropriate statistical tests
3. Model Comparison – Systematic performance comparison
4. Visualization – Publication-quality figures
5. Writing – Results section content
6. Quality Check – Ensure reproducibility

Following these principles produces high-quality, reproducible experimental results analysis that meets top conference standards.