Joi

Quick Start

const Joi = require('@hapi/joi');

const schema = Joi.object({
    name: Joi.string().min(1).max(100).required(),
    age: Joi.number().integer().min(0),
    email: Joi.string().email()
});

const { error, value } = schema.validate(input);

Critical Rules

1. Schemas are immutable – Every method returns a new schema instance; never mutate
2. Validate at boundaries – Use validate() or attempt() at input boundaries; see validation
3. Types extend base – All types inherit from any(); see types overview
4. Refs for cross-field – Use Joi.ref() for dynamic values across fields; see references
5. Extend for custom types – Use Joi.extend() to create custom types; see extensions

Workflow

1. Choose a type – types overview for all built-in types
2. Add constraints – Chain rules like .min(), .max(), .pattern(), .valid()
3. Compose schemas – Nest Joi.object(), Joi.array(), Joi.alternatives()
4. Add conditionals – Use .when() for dynamic schemas; see conditionals
5. Customize errors – Override messages via .messages() or .error(); see errors

Key Patterns