Downstream Lineage: Impacts

Answer the critical question: “What breaks if I change this?”

Use this BEFORE making changes to understand the blast radius.

Impact Analysis

Step 1: Identify Direct Consumers

Find everything that reads from this target:

For Tables:

1. Search DAG source code: Look for DAGs that SELECT from this table

   • Use af dags list to get all DAGs
   • Use af dags source <dag_id> to search for table references
   • Look for: FROM target_table, JOIN target_table

2. Check for dependent views:

   -- Snowflake
   SELECT * FROM information_schema.view_table_usage
   WHERE table_name = '<target_table>'
   
   -- Or check SHOW VIEWS and search definitions
   

3. Look for BI tool connections:

   • Dashboards often query tables directly
   • Check for common BI patterns in table naming (rpt_, dashboard_)

For DAGs:

1. Check what the DAG produces: Use af dags source <dag_id> to find output tables
2. Then trace those tables’ consumers (recursive)

Step 2: Build Dependency Tree

Map the full downstream impact:

SOURCE: fct.orders
    |
    +-- TABLE: agg.daily_sales --> Dashboard: Executive KPIs
    |       |
    |       +-- TABLE: rpt.monthly_summary --> Email: Monthly Report
    |
    +-- TABLE: ml.order_features --> Model: Demand Forecasting
    |
    +-- DIRECT: Looker Dashboard "Sales Overview"

Step 3: Categorize by Criticality

Critical (breaks production):

• Production dashboards
• Customer-facing applications
• Automated reports to executives
• ML models in production
• Regulatory/compliance reports

High (causes significant issues):

• Internal operational dashboards
• Analyst workflows
• Data science experiments
• Downstream ETL jobs

Medium (inconvenient):

• Ad-hoc analysis tables
• Development/staging copies
• Historical archives

Low (minimal impact):

• Deprecated tables
• Unused datasets
• Test data

Step 4: Assess Change Risk

For the proposed change, evaluate:

Schema Changes (adding/removing/renaming columns):

• Which downstream queries will break?
• Are there SELECT * patterns that will pick up new columns?
• Which transformations reference the changing columns?

Data Changes (values, volumes, timing):

• Will downstream aggregations still be valid?
• Are there NULL handling assumptions that will break?
• Will timing changes affect SLAs?

Deletion/Deprecation:

• Full dependency tree must be migrated first
• Communication needed for all stakeholders

Step 5: Find Stakeholders

Identify who owns downstream assets:

1. DAG owners: Check owners field in DAG definitions
2. Dashboard owners: Usually in BI tool metadata
3. Team ownership: Look for team naming patterns or documentation

Output: Impact Report

Summary

“Changing fct.orders will impact X tables, Y DAGs, and Z dashboards”

Impact Diagram

                    +--> [agg.daily_sales] --> [Executive Dashboard]
                    |
[fct.orders] -------+--> [rpt.order_details] --> [Ops Team Email]
                    |
                    +--> [ml.features] --> [Demand Model]

Detailed Impacts

Risk Assessment

Recommended Actions

Before making changes:

1. Notify owners: @data-eng, @analytics, @ml-team
2. Update downstream DAG: transform_daily_sales
3. Test dashboard: Executive KPIs
4. Schedule change during low-impact window

Related Skills

• Trace where data comes from: tracing-upstream-lineage skill
• Check downstream freshness: checking-freshness skill
• Debug any broken DAGs: debugging-dags skill
• Add manual lineage annotations: annotating-task-lineage skill
• Build custom lineage extractors: creating-openlineage-extractors skill